Hydraulic brake is a braking arrangement which uses brake fluid, to transfer power from controlling mechanism to the braking mechanism.
Construction
The most common arrangement of hydraulic brakes for passenger
vehicles, motorcycles, and scooters, consists of the following:
- Brake pedal or lever,
- A push rod or actuating rod,
- A master cylinder assembly, containing a piston assembly made up of either one or two pistons, a return spring, a series of gaskets / O-rings and a fluid reservoir,
- Reinforced hydraulic lines,
- Brake caliper assembly usually consisting of one or two hollow aluminum or chrome-plated steel pistons called caliper pistons, a set of thermally conductive brake pads and a rotor also called a brake disc or drum attached to an axle.
The system is usually filled with a ethylene-glycol based brake fluid other fluids are also be used.
Working
In hydraulic braking system there are two cylinders and a disk brake, the cylinders are connected by tubes with piston inside the cylinder. The cylinders and tubes are filled with incompressible oil. The two cylinders have the same volume, but different diameters, and thus different cross-section areas. The one with the smallest diameter is called the master cylinder. The spinning disc brake will be placed down at the piston with the larger cross-section. Suppose the diameter of the master cylinder is half the diameter of the other cylinder, then the master cylinder has a cross-section four times smaller. Now, if the piston in the master cylinder is pushed down by 80 mm, with 10 newtons (N) of force, the slave piston will then move 20 mm, with a force of 40 N.
This force can be further increased by inserting a lever connected between the master piston, a pedal, and a pivot point.
Thus a hydraulic system provides a large braking force to stop a vehicle.
Working
In hydraulic braking system there are two cylinders and a disk brake, the cylinders are connected by tubes with piston inside the cylinder. The cylinders and tubes are filled with incompressible oil. The two cylinders have the same volume, but different diameters, and thus different cross-section areas. The one with the smallest diameter is called the master cylinder. The spinning disc brake will be placed down at the piston with the larger cross-section. Suppose the diameter of the master cylinder is half the diameter of the other cylinder, then the master cylinder has a cross-section four times smaller. Now, if the piston in the master cylinder is pushed down by 80 mm, with 10 newtons (N) of force, the slave piston will then move 20 mm, with a force of 40 N.
This force can be further increased by inserting a lever connected between the master piston, a pedal, and a pivot point.
Thus a hydraulic system provides a large braking force to stop a vehicle.
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